Diabetes And Oral Health Ppt – According to the International Diabetes Federation, 1 in 10 adults are currently living with diabetes, and approximately 537 million adults worldwide! As many of us know, high blood sugar levels damage the kidneys, heart, nerves, eyes and other organs. But did you know that they also sweeten your teeth? Literature! High blood sugar also causes high levels of sugar in the saliva, which eventually ends up on the teeth. This increases your chances of gum disease, dry mouth, cavities and other oral health conditions caused by high sugar levels.
Here at Advanced Dental Center, our comprehensive care includes addressing any oral health condition from diabetes. We test A1C levels for new patients to detect abnormalities in blood sugar levels and routinely screen patients with diabetes.
Diabetes And Oral Health Ppt
To protect your mouth, it is important to be aware of oral health conditions associated with diabetes. For those who do not suffer from diabetes, these conditions can also be early signs of high blood sugar, so beware!
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Gum disease occurs when there is an infection of the gums around the tooth. This not only damages the gums, but can lead to tooth loss. Pain, swelling, bad breath and problems eating can also be symptoms of gum disease.
Treatment: In severe cases, gum surgery may be necessary.
High blood sugar levels or diabetes medications can cause dry mouth. When the salivary glands do not produce enough saliva, your mouth can feel uncomfortably dry and can cause bad breath, a burning sensation in the mouth, difficulty eating, swallowing or speaking, mouth ulcers or infections.
Treatment: Although prescription medication is available to treat dry mouth, there are other ways to treat it:
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Untreated dry mouth can lead to an oral fungal infection called thrush. Oral thrush allows the uncontrolled growth of fungus that occurs naturally in your mouth. Along with mouth sores, white – or sometimes red – spots appear on the gums, tongue, cheeks or mouth. Some of these patches can turn into open sores.
Treatment: Your dentist may prescribe medications to help eliminate the fungus. In addition, cleaning the teeth properly and using the right toothpaste will help prevent the fungus from coming back.
Our body is interconnected, we cannot treat any part in isolation. Treating every part of our body contributes to our overall well-being. Eating healthy, exercising daily and taking care of our bodies are things that should become second nature to ensure we live long, healthy lives. This overview summarizes the scientific evidence for the often bidirectional relationship between hyperglycaemia, including diabetes mellitus (DM), and oral health. It provides, in brief, examples of current scientific evidence of the following oral manifestations of hyperglycaemia, together with all available evidence of effects in the opposite direction: periodontal disease, caries / periapical periodontitis, tooth loss, peri-implantitis , dry mouth, xerostomia/hyposalivation), dysbiosis of the oral microbiome, candidiasis, taste disturbances, burning mouth syndrome, cancer, traumatic wounds, oral ulcers, delayed wound healing, melanin pigment, tongue fissures, benign migratory glossitis (geographical tongue), temporomandibular disorders, osteonecrosis of the jaw. Evidence of quality of life effects will also be reported. This summary provides rationale and sets the stage for the urgent need to provide oral health care and general clinical lifestyle collaboration in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of both hyperglycemia and oral diseases to improve quality of life.
Unfortunately, dentistry has been separated from general health care and has become an independent profession (1), leaving little education and awareness of oral health and its relationship to general health in other health professions (2-10).
Solution: Diabetes Ppt
Most chronic diseases share the same “common risk” (11-13) (Figure 1) and therefore often occur in the same patients, regardless of whether causal relationships exist and not only organizations. However, rapidly emerging scientific evidence shows that oral diseases and hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar), including diabetes mellitus (DM), are independently associated with each other. affect the other.
Figure 1. Mechanisms underlying the relationship between periodontitis and hyperglycaemia/diabetes and its complications: conceptual model (14). A slightly modified Figure 31.10 from Borgnakke et al. (14). See full description and identification at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK567985/.
The term “interdisciplinary” is used to include professionals from all areas of health care, such as physicians, physician assistants, nurses, nurses, midwives, dieticians, DM educators, speech therapists, social workers, etc. accept the refined approach of dentistry and general health care as different professions This research briefly summarizes the current evidence of associations between oral diseases and DM to support the need for multidisciplinary collaboration.
While type 1 DM (T1DM) is due to lack or insufficient insulin production and affects about 5% of patients with DM, type 2 DM (T2DM) is a disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to insufficient insulin production. insufficient insulin intake, or both (15-17). Approximately 463 million (9.3%) adults have DM, with 700 million (10.9%) expected by the year 2045 (18, 19). Another 374 million people have prediabetes (preDM) and are at risk of developing T2DM (18).
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Systemic hyperglycemia causes complications such as retinopathy; nephropathy; neuropathy; cardiovascular, peripheral vascular and cerebrovascular diseases; obesity, cataract; impotence; and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (20). Regardless of the type of DM, it is hyperglycaemia, not the diagnosis of DM itself, that causes many oral problems (21) and oral health and reduced quality of life (QoL) (22).
In short, DM is used for any type of diabetes or hyperglycemia; and the comparison group is traditionally left out. For example, in the sentence “People with DM are older than xxxx”, the comparison “people without DM” is implicit but not expressed.
Periodontal disease affects up to 90% of adults worldwide, with the reversible form, gingivitis, affecting almost everyone (23). In contrast, periodontitis is a chronic, irreversible destruction of the soft and hard tissues around the teeth as a result of the interaction between the polymicrobial dysbiosis of the mucosal microbiome of the gingival sulcus and a particularly susceptible host (24, 25). Periodontitis affects 42.2% of dental adults in the United States (26), probably varies worldwide, and is the 12th of the 291 most common diseases in the world (27), with “severe” periodontitis the sixth most common disease (28), which affects 11.2 % of adults (28).
Periodontitis and hyperglycaemia share the same risk factors (29, 30) and thus often occur in the same individuals with weakened immune systems or inflammatory responses; and affect each other negatively.
Dental Health Education
A large proportion of people with DM suffer from periodontitis (31-33), and the severity of periodontitis is greater, especially in severe or uncontrolled DM (31, 34, 35 ). According to clinical studies in Denmark (36), Australia (37), Finland (38), Argentina (39), and the United States (40, 41), including Pima Indians in Arizona (42-46), periodontitis in declared the sixth most common form of DM in 1993 (47), but with significant impact on the medical and dental community.
Conversely, people with periodontitis are more likely to develop T2DM (33, 48). Periodontitis, through bacterial infection (49, 50) and inflammatory responses while hyperglycaemia is a common component (Figure 1), is a risk factor for DM, for example the occurrence of T2DM, DM in pregnancy, poor glycemic control in existing DM, and severe DM – complications. (51, 52). In addition, periodontitis is increasingly seen as an independent risk factor for macrovascular DM, cardiovascular complications (CVD) (53-58) and ischemic stroke (54, 56), and is associated with microvascular DM complications: neuropathy (54, 59), nephropathy (54, 60-62) and retinopathy (54, 60).
Alzheimer’s disease is called “type 3 DM” (63) as a complication of DM (64), partly due to glucose hypometabolism leading to cognitive decline (65). Recent research supports the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), an important periodontitis-associated bacterium, in Alzheimer’s disease (66-72), with promising experimental treatment with gingipain inhibitors to reduce Pg brain colonization and neurodegeneration (73).
As DM is a risk factor for COVID-19, oral manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 virus (74, 75) have been reported in DM, such as painful ulcers (76, 77) and necrotizing periodontitis (78).
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In COVID-19, a radiological study found that periodontitis was associated with more difficult tissue penetration, increased ventilatory requirements, and death from COVID-19 (79), and gingivitis was also reported (80). This is probably also the case in DM with a weakened immune system. Probably, periodontal pockets (81, 82), gingival secretions (83) and saliva acting as reservoirs of SARS-CoV-2 virus (81, 84-86) can even facilitate the development of covid-19 (87), resistance (88) ), and mortality especially in people with DM (89).
Untreated permanent dental caries is the most common condition worldwide affecting 2.4+ billion people (90). The evidence for a relationship with DM is mixed, although young people with DM have 2- and 3-fold higher numbers of teeth and filled teeth with untreated caries, respectively (91). Patients with DM on hemodialysis have more caries (92); and mucosal and urinary tract infections appear to be more common in DM (93, 94).
All over the world, people
